三江国家级自然保护区普通鸬鹚巢的初步研究

The Preliminary Study on Phalacrocorax carbo Nests Iin Sanjiang National Nature Reserve

2004年3-6月，在黑龙江省三江国家级自然保护区海青保护站马圈岛，采用随机抽样法，对随机选取的50个普通鸬鹚（Phalacrocoraz carbo）巢逐一进行编号和测量，进行巢材、巢位和巢大小等的研究；采用总面积调查法（样方大小为30m×30m），对普通鸬鹚巢的分布格局、分布特点进行了研究。结果表明：普通鸬鹚巢中以柳树枝、各种蒿茎和禾本科植物茎叶出现的数量级较多，巢距地高度为4．13±1．056m，巢方位以西南方位居多，巢的大小没有规律性．但对筑巢柳枝的直径和长度均有严格要求．巢呈集群分市．

In March to middle of June of 2004, fifty random selected nests of Phalacrocorax carbo in Majuan Island of Sanjiang National Nature Reserve of Haiqing town of Fuyuan county of Heilongjiang province were numbered and measured one by one to study the materials, location and direction, and size of the nests. And distribution and characteristics of Phalacrocorax carbo nests were studied by means of total area investigation （sample area as 30m x 30m）. The results indicated that the nests were much constructed with willow branches, various weeds, and gramineous stalks and leaves, 4.13 ± 1.056 m above the ground; their direction towards southwest, and there wasn＇t any regularity in the size. But there were strict requirements for choosing diarneter and length of willow branches to build nests, which always showed cluster distribution.