云南地方稻矿质元素含量的变异类型与地理生态差异(英文)

Ecogeographic Difference and Variation Pattern of Mineral Contents for Yunnan Rice Landraces

以来自云南5个稻作区或16个地州的地方稻核心种质为材料,用等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定了583份糙米P,K,Ca,Mg,Fe,Zn,Cu和Mn含量,并进行了8种矿质元素含量的变异类型及其地理生态差异研究。结果表明,583份糙米8种矿质元素含量为P>K>Mg>Ca>Fe>Zn>Cu>Mn,多样性指数为P>Mn>Cu>K>Mg>Zn>Fe>Ca。滇中一季籼粳稻区是高Ca(164.86μg/g),Fe(38.33μg/g)和Zn(39.03μg/g)糙米的分布中心,尤其是大理和楚雄州糙米的Ca(205.88,223.33μg/g),Fe(87.89,121.45μg/g)和Zn(44.13,39.33μg/g)含量在云南16个地州中最高。思茅地区是云南低磷、低钾和低镁糙米含量的分布中心;红河和文山州是云南高钾和高铜糙米的分布中心。临沧、思茅、西双版纳和德宏州是云南地方稻糙米基于8种矿质元素的遗传多样性中心,也是糙米磷含量的遗传多样性中心,这与基于云南地方稻种形态、同工酶和SSR标记确定的云南稻种遗传多样性中心有一定的相似趋势;这是本文中重要的发现之一。这些结果揭示了云南地方稻种糙米矿质元素(特别是磷)含量的多样性与稻种的遗传和基因多样性可能有某种相关。

It was analyzed using ICP-AES spectrometer method that ecogeographic difference and variation pattern based on P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn contents in brown rice of 583 accessions landraces for core collection from the five regions and 16 prefectures/cities in Yunnan Province. Results showed that the mean and diversity index of 8 mineral contents of 583 accessions in brown rice followed an order as P 〉 K 〉 Mg 〉 Ca 〉 Fe 〉 Zn 〉 Cu 〉 Mn, P 〉 Mn 〉 Cu 〉 K 〉 Mg 〉 Zn 〉 Fe 〉 Ca. Central Yunnan single season japonica-indica region was the distribution center of higher Ca（ 164.86 μg/ g）, Fe（38.33 μg/g） and Zn （39.03 μg/g） contents in brown rice, especially Dali and Chuxiong prefectures with the highest Ca（205.88, 223.33 μg/g）, Fe （87.89, 121.45 μg/g） and Zn（44.13, 39.33 μg/g） contents. Simao prefecture was the lowest P and K and Mg contents zones in brown rice among prefectures, Honghe and Wenshan were the distribution center of K and Cu contents of brown rice in Yunnan. For one of the important discover in this article, the genetic diversity center based on 8 mineral contents in brown rice from Lincang, Simao, Xishuangbanna and Dehong prefectures has the similar trend with both the genetic and gene diversity center of rice landraces in Yunnan based on morphological traits and isozyme and SSR markers. The region with the highest genetic diversity index for grain-P contents in brown rice was located in rice genetic diversity center of Yunnan Province in China. Therefore, the diversity of mineral contents, especially for phosphorus, in brown rice is likely to associate with the genetic and gene diversity in rice.