高粱、苏丹草及高粱-苏丹草杂交种产量和饲用品质的比较

Comparison of Yield and Nutritive Value in Sorghum,Sudangrass and Sorghum-Sudangrass Hybrid

在大田条件下,比较研究了高粱-苏丹草杂交种(皖草2号、京科草1号)与高粱、苏丹草的生物产量和饲用品质。结果表明,与高粱和苏丹草相比,高粱-苏丹草杂交种的生物产量高,其中,皖草2号的鲜、干物质产量比苏丹草722选分别高83.8%和121.9%,京科草1号的鲜、干物质产量比722选分别高98.6%和139.9%;杂交种的粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量高,无氮浸出物含量低;粗蛋白、粗脂肪和粗纤维的产量及总能量均最高,高粱次之,苏丹草最低,杂交种饲用品质的改善主要是粗蛋白和粗脂肪的显著提高;从物质分配和能量形成的角度分析,茎秆和叶鞘是鲜物质产量的主要组成部分,而在干物质产量和能量的形成过程中,茎秆、叶鞘和叶片具有同等重要的作用。

Many studies have reported about sorghum-sudangrass hybrid, which is a new grass species for forage cultivation. However, the relation of yield and forage nutritive value between sorghum-sudangrass hybrid, sorghum and sudangrass is less clear, which effected the management of the hybrid of sorghum and sudangrass. Our objective was to conduct a field trial to evaluate the yield and forage nutritive value of sorghum, sudangrass and sorghum-sudangrass hybrid, The results showed that there were significant differences of yield and forage nutritive value between sorghum, sudangrass and sorghum-sudangrass hybrid. Compared with sorghum and sudangrass, fresh matter yield （FM） and dry matter yield （DM） were the highest in Sorghum-sudangrass hybrid Wancao 2 and Jingkecao 1. The increment of FM and DM was 83.8% and 121.9% respectively in Wancao 2 and 98.6% and 139.9% respectively in Jingkecao 1 compared with those ofsudangrass. Crude protein （CP） content and ether extract （EE） content were the highest and nitrogen-free extract （NFC） content was the lowest in the hybrids （Table 2）. The yields of CP, EE, NFC and gross energy （GE） were the highest in the hybrids while the medium in sorghum and the lowest in sudangrass （Fig. 3 and Fig. 4）. The FM of stalks （ sheathes and leaves） was higher than that of leaves while stalks and leaves played an equally important role in DM and GE for Sorghum-sudangrass hybrids and their parents.