深圳市2004年肠道病毒71型和柯萨奇病毒A16型的监测

Surveillance of enterovirus type 71 and coxsackievirus A 16 in Shenzhen in 2004

目的了解深圳市肠道病毒的感染情况，为制定预防和控制肠道病毒感染策略提供依据。方法采用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）方法，对深圳市96例疑似肠道病毒感染者粪便标本进行肠道病毒71型（EV71）和柯萨奇病毒A16型（CoxA16）RNA的检测。结果共检出11份EV71阳性标本，阳性率为11．46％，其中8例临床表现为手足口病（HFMD）；男女发病率分别为11．94％（8／67）和10．34％（3／29）；18例为CoxA16阳性标本，阳性率为18．75％，其中17例临床表现为手足口病；男女发病率分别为19．40％（13／67）和17．24％（5／29）。结论CoxA16和EV71的发病率无性别差异；CoxA16在每年的5～8月份有一个发病高峰；CoxA16和EV71是引起儿童手足口病的主要病原体，要加强对CoxA16和EV71的的鉴别诊断。

Objective To find out the state of the enterovirus infection in Shenzhen in order to constitute the prevention and control strategy of enterovirus infection. Methods 96 suspected people with enterovirus type 71 or Coxsackievirus A16 were diagnosed through RT-PCR. Results The positive ratie of EV71 was 11.46% （11 people）, and the incidence of enterovirus between male and female was 11.94% （8/67） and 10.34% （3/29） respectively, and 8 people had hand foot and mouth disease （HFMD）. The positive rate of CoxA16 was 18.75 % （18 people）, and the incidence rate between male and female was 19.40% （13/67） and 17.24% （5/29） respectively, and 17 people had HFMD. Conclusions The incidence of EV71 and CoxA16 had no difference between male and female. The peak of CoxA16 infection ratie was from May to August. The important pathogens of HFMD were CoxA16 and EV71, and the distinguish and diagnose methods of CoxA16 and EV71 should be improved.