精英循环理论视野下的科举制度研究

Study on the imperial examination system from the perspective of elite circulation system

有效的精英循环是任何社会政治稳定的必要条件。中国古代科举制度为我国封建社会的稳定提供了一条有效的精英循环渠道。中国2000多年的封建社会中只存在王朝的更替而没有制度改变的原因,正是由于其科举制度只是部分的解决精英循环的问题。科举制度在强化国家功能,圣化封建体制等方面为中国封建社会的稳定起到了重要的支撑作用。

Abstract： Effective elite circulation is essential to the political stability in any society. The imperial examination system provided an effective way for the stability of China＇ s feudal society. The reason why the dynasties changed without changing the feudal system in China＇s 2000 - year feudal society was that the imperial examination system only solved the problem of elite circulation partly. The imperial examination system played a supporting role in strengtheing the function of the state and making the feudal system sacred.