青海省春小麦收割后田间堆放期间产量与品质的变化

Yield and Quality Change of Spring Wheat Piled up in Field after Reaping in Qinghai Province

为了解青海省春小麦收割后田间堆放期间产量和品质的变化，选择近年育成的春小麦品种“高原205”（白粒，易穗发芽）、“高原115”（紫黑色小麦）、“高原448”（红粒）和“高原314”（白粒）以及曾为青海省主栽品种的“青春533”（红粒）为材料，收割后以农民常用的田间堆放方式进行堆放，每隔9d对其进行采样，测定产量、SDS沉淀值和降落数值的变化。结果表明，随着堆放时间的延长，收获产量逐步下降，平均产量从第1次采样（Od）时的504g／m^2减少到63d后的384g／m^2，收获产量平均值与取样时间直线回归F值为20．91，大于F0.01（6．90）；SDS沉淀值变化较小，F值为0．90，小于F0．05（2．13）；降落数值在取样时间点上差异极显著．F值等于46，72，大于F0.01（2．87）。高原205的降落数值一直呈现下降趋势，而高原448、高原115、高原314和青春533的变化是在O～18d间上升，然后下降。总体而言，田间堆放对收获产量和品质不利。

For understanding the yield and quality changes of spring wheat piled up in field after reaping in Qinghai province, we selected Qingchun 533（red grain） ,which was planted widely in Qinghai province, and Plateau 205（susceptible to preharvest sprouting）, Plateau ll5（purple grain）, Plateau 448（red grain） and Plateau 314（white grain） which were bred by our institute, piled up them as the quomodo farmer used, sampled them every nine days, and mensured yield, SDS sedimentation value and falling number value to trick the changes of wheat. The result showed that with the passage of time, the yield was dropping gradually, mean yield drop from 504 g/m^2 after reaping to 384 g/m after63 days piling, F value was 20. 909 in lineal regression between mean yield and sampling time, which was bigger than F0.01 （6.90）. SDS sedimentation value changed very little in different sampling time. F value was 0. 898, which was less than F0.05 （2.13）. Falling number values were different in different sampling time, F value was 46. 715, which was bigger than F0.01 （2, 87）. Falling number value of gaoyuan 205 dropped from after reaping to after 63 days piling, and other cultivars rose in 18 days, then dropped. Generally speaking, piling up in field was bad to the yield and quality of wheat.