北京八达岭长城风景区冬季鸟类组成及发生禽流感的风险初探

The Study of Bird's Community Structure in Winter and the Risk Analysis About Avian Flu in Badaling Great Wall Area

目的 分析八达岭长城风景区冬季鸟类构成、传播禽流感的可能性，评估该地区发生禽流感的风险。方法 于2005年11～12月及2006年2～3月应用样线统计法，在八达岭长城风景区调查冬季鸟类群落结构，记录鸟的种类、数量、生境以及集群状况，分析该地区禽流感的传染源、传播途径和易感鸟类。结果 调查中共发现鸟类6目19科39种，未发现水禽；集群鸟类大都生活在草灌丛，不集群的鸟类占总种数的60％。结论 八达岭长城风景区没有危险的禽流感传染源，也没有适宜的传播途径和易感群体，发生禽流感的可能性较小，游客承担的风险也较低。

Objective To analyze the possibility of avian flu breaking out on Badaling Great Wall area and to evaluate the danger degree to the tourist. Methods The bird＇s community structure in winter was investigated on Badaling area from 2005 to 2006 using the line transect method, the species, number, habitat and aggregation of bird were taken record to analyze the potential source of infection, mode of transmission and the susceptive birds. Results Total 39 species of birds （6 orders and 19 families） were found during the study periods. Waterfowls weren＇t found in this area. Most of the aggregative birds were habitat in brushwood, however, 60 % birds were not aggregative. Conclusion There were no critical source of infection as well as the ideal mode of transmission and the susceptive birds. So, the possibility of avian flu breaking out in this area is low, and the risk which tourists bear is also slight.