油溶性纳米铜对Al2024-GCr15钢摩擦副的摩擦学效应

Effect of Oil-Soluble Nano-Cu Additive on Friction and Wear Behavior of Al2024-GCr15 Steel Pair

将实验室合成的纳米Cu添加剂按质量分数1%加入到参比油中,使用SRV型微动摩擦磨损试验机考察了油溶性纳米铜添加剂对A l2024-GCr15钢摩擦副润滑过程中摩擦磨损行为的影响,并对摩擦副的磨损表面进行了分析。结果表明:油溶性纳米Cu添加剂有很好的抗磨减摩性能,能够明显地提高SJ15W/40汽油机油的品质,是一类比较优异的抗磨减摩添加剂。其抗磨减摩机理为软金属纳米颗粒(纳米Cu颗粒)在摩擦过程中由于物理、化学和电化学等的作用沉积到摩擦表面,在负载作用下铜、铝磨粒熔合、共晶重组并“焊接”在摩擦副上形成弥散分布的突起,从而起到抗磨减摩效果。

Oil-soluble nano-Cu additive(abbreviated as NC) was synthesized in laboratory and dispersed in SJ15W/40 gasoline engine oil(abbreviated as SJ) at a mass fraction of 1%.The effect of the additive on the friction and wear behavior of Al2024-GCr15 steel sliding pair was investigated using an SRV oscillating friction and wear tester,using the SJ15W/40 gasoline engine oil as a control.The friction-reducing and antiwear mechanisms of the additive were discussed based on analysis of the rubbed Al alloy surface using a scanning electron microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscope.It was found that the oil-soluble nano-Cu additive had good friction-reducing and antiwear ability for the Al-steel sliding pair and was able to considerably improve the performance of the SJ15W/40 gasoline oil.This was attributed to the deposition of the soft metallic nanoparticles on the sliding surfaces via physical,chemical,and electrochemical effects and to the melting,eutectic restructuring,and welding of the copper and aluminum wear debris on the sliding surfaces in the presence of normal load,which led to the formation of a dispersively distributed lubricating and protective layer and hence reduced the friction and wear of the Al alloy-steel sliding pair.