基于空间洛伦茨曲线的北京山区土地利用结构变化

Changes of land use structure in Beijing mountain area based on spatial Lorrenze curves

基于北京山区各区县1995—2002年土地利用现状数据应用经济学洛伦茨曲线以及基尼系数的概念进行北京山区土地利用结构的定量化研究。结果表明:在空间尺度上,居民点独立工矿用地(2002年空间基尼系数为0.325,下同)和园地(0.276)分布最不均衡(过于集中),耕地(0.258)和未利用地(0.234)次之,林地(0.18)分布相对均衡(比较分散);在时间尺度上,园地、居民点及独立工矿用地和未利用地的不均衡程度有所减弱,而耕地、林地却有增加。这说明北京山区各区县5种主要用地类型的空间分布及其时间变化均具有不均衡性。该结论可为山区土地利用结构优化提供参考。

Based on the land use data of each county, we introduced the concept of Lorenz curve and Gini coefficients （GC） to analyze the land use distribution in Beijing mountain area. The result indicated that the most unbalanced lands were those used for construction （GC = 0.325） and garden （GC = 0.276）, followed by the cultivated land （GC = 0.258）. The unused land and that for forestry （GC= 0.18） were balanced, With time, the unbalanced degree of the garden, construction and unused lands decreased, while that of the cultivated and forestry lands exhibited an opposite trend. Thus, in Beijing mountain area, the distribution of five major land use types is temporally and spatially unbalanced. This result can be helpful for structural optimization of land use.