两株草甘膦降解真菌的分离及其降解效能研究

Screening and isolation of two fungi strains capable of degrading herbicide glyphosate and its degradation efficiency

草甘膦是目前世界上广泛使用的一种有机磷除草剂,长期大量使用所造成的环境污染已不容忽视.微生物降解是生物修复草甘膦污染土壤的有效途径之一.从受草甘膦污染严重土壤中富集、筛选并分离到6株降解菌,包括2株细菌,4株真菌.选取降解效果较好的两株真菌HS-04和HS-05进行了初步研究.结果表明,HS-04和HS-05均能以草甘膦作为唯一的碳源和氮源生长.在基础培养基中,30℃、150 rpm条件下,6 d内对浓度为200 mg/L的草甘膦的降解率分别为85%和91%.两株真菌在草甘膦浓度为400～600 mg/L时生长较好.

Glyphosate is commonly used as an organophosphate herbicide in the world. But continuously using the herbicide will cause environmental pollution seriously. Biodegradation is an effective way of bioremedying the polluted soil. 6 strains including 2 bacteria and 4 fungi were screened and isolated from the glyphosate polluted soil. The fungi strains HS-04 and HS-05 were seleted and were primarily studied. The results show that the two fungi can grow by using glyphosate as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen, and the degradation rates of the fungi are more than 85% and 91% respectively in the mineral culture medium on condition that the temperature is 30℃ and shaking speed is 150 rpm for 6 days. Also, they can grow exuberantly in glyphosate solution with the concentration of 400-600 mg/L.