现代农业技术及其推广的文化反思——基于对贵州侗族传统稻田养鱼影响的实证分析

Cultural Reflections on Modern Agricultural Technology and Its Extension——Based on case study of the traditional rice-fish farming(RFF) of Dong people in Guizhou Province

研究表明,侗族传统稻田养鱼是侗族先民所独创的、至今仍在侗族地区广泛使用的一项乡土农耕技术与实践,具有十分重要的生计、文化和生态价值。然而,随着现代农业技术的发展和应用,侗族传统稻田养鱼技术的发展受到了很大的限制。因此,应建立稻田养鱼及其相关技术的动态保护和支持体系,实现传统稻田养鱼技术的持续发展和创新,使之适应于变化的自然生态条件和满足农村发展的需求。该研究认为,农业和农村政策的制定和实施以及农业技术研究和推广应充分认识和了解当地的自然生态环境和资源特点、当地传统文化和习俗,充分采纳和应用当地丰富的乡土农业技术知识。

This study shows that the rice-fish farming （RFF） is an indigenous agricultural technique widely practiced in Dong communities, with significant livelihood, cultural and ecological values, however, modern agricultural technology limited its development. This study concludes that dynamic/on-farm conservation and supporting system should be set up to facilitate sustainable development and innovation of the traditional RFF, making it adapted to the environmental condition change and the local needs. It is hence suggested that the formulation and implementation of rural policies and the research and transfer of agricultural technology should understand and take into account the local natural ecological environment and the local traditional culture, and build upon the local rich indigenous knowledge.