跨国劳动过程的空间政治:全球化时代的宿舍劳动体制

The Spatial Politics of Transnational Labor Process: Dormitory labor regime in the age of globalization

本文将讨论中国在全球化时代的一种特殊劳动体制——宿舍劳动体制,这种劳动体制为我们研究跨国劳动过程提供了一个独特的空间视野。随着资本积累以及劳动过程的全球化发展趋势逐渐深入,对生产的空间政治进行理论化的重要性亦日益显著。本文旨在从跨国劳动过程的角度出发,对当代中国宿舍劳动体制作为一种生产空间的政治经济学意义进行理论上的探索。我们将通过对工厂宿舍体制的历史性回顾及比较,梳理出这种宿舍劳动体制的一般性特征及其对当代中国新打工阶级的塑造,并尝试从国家与资本的双重运作逻辑中去理解跨国劳动过程中生产空间与日常再生产空间的重构和交织。我们的研究结论是:宿舍劳动体制是全球资本的经济逻辑与国家制度的政治逻辑共同作用之下所产生的一种独特而具体的生产空间形态。这一生产体制在跨国劳动过程中的政治、经济以及文化的意义亟待更加深入而系统的研究。

This article attempts to look at a specific China's labor regimethe dormitory labor regime in the age of globalization. Globalization of capital accumulation and transnational production highlight a shifting paradigm in labour process theory, which requires a theorization on spatial politics of production. What is emerging now in China is a transnational political economy of production that links not only to a new scale of the economic, but a new economy of scale, in which time and space are extensively reconfigured for capital accumulation on a global scale. We explore a new spatial politics of transnational labour process in China at the time of its rapid incorporation into world economy. We look into how this new spatial politics articulate the sphere of production with the daily reproduction of labour in expropriating surplus value in the workplace. We come to conclude that this dormitory labor regime is an outcome of the logic of transnational capital and the operation of national politicsboth factors contributing to the very specific form of a new dagong class forming in contemporary China. We need to further explore the significance of this dormitory labour regime in the transnational labour process, especially in terms of labour control and labour resistance.