中国大蒜芥族植物花粉形态的研究

Pollen Morphologies of Sisymbrieae(Brassicaceae) in China

对中国大蒜芥族10属14种植物花粉形态分别进行了光镜和扫描电镜下的观察研究.结果表明该族花粉形态可划分为4种类型:(1)具3沟,超长球形,网状纹饰,外壁2层;(2)具3沟,超长球形,细网状纹饰,外壁1层;(3)具3沟(偶4沟),长球形,网状纹饰,外壁2层;(4)具6沟,长球形,网状纹饰,外壁2层.因此,中国大蒜芥族的花粉形态多样性程度较高,说明了它不是一个自然类群,是一个多系类群,这与前人研究结果相一致.另外,本文首次报道十字花科锥果芥属植物具6沟花粉,具6沟花粉在十字花科中极为特殊,所以作者将锥果芥属提升为族级,另立新族,即锥果芥族(Tribe Berteroelleae F.Z.Li,G.Y.Tang&Z.Y.Sun,trib.nov.).

Pollen morphologies of 14 species of ten genera in Sisymbrieae（Brassicaceae） in China were observed by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. It was shown that the pollens of the tribe could be divided into four groups, （1）3-colpate perprolate pollen grains with reticulate ornamentation and two-layered exine; （2）3-colpate perprolate pollen grains with finely reticulate ornamentation and one layered exine; （3）3-colpate（4- colpate on rare occasions） prolate pollen grains with reticulate ornamentation and two layered exine; （4） 6-colpate prolate pollen grains with reticulate ornamentation and two layered exine. Therefore,Sisymbrieae（Brassicaceae） in China has a higher diversity in pollen morphology and this indicates that it is a polyphly goup rather than a natural group and this result agrees with the results in previous research. The study reported Beteroelleae F. Z. Li,G. Y. Tang ＆ Z. Y. Sun had 6-colpate pollen grains for the first time and the author of paper defined it as a new tribe,tribe Berteroelleae F. Z. Li,G. Y. Tang Z. Y. Sun because of the uniqueness of the 6-colpate pollen grains in Brassicaceae.