118例女性吸毒者艾滋病VCT行为探讨

Study of Voluntary Counselling and Testing among 118 Female Drug Addicts

目的了解女性药瘾患者过去的艾滋病危险行为。女性药瘾患者过去的艾滋病筛检情形与未来的筛检意愿。方法研究样本为龙岗区三所烟毒戒治所的118名女性吸毒者。研究工具为结构式自填问卷,内容包括对过去的艾滋病危险行为、过去主动筛检情形、未来主动筛检意愿等项目的调查。结果研究结果发现仅8%样本曾主动接受艾滋病自愿咨询检测VCT。在艾滋病危险行为方面,有32.2%曾与他人共享针头,13.3%曾因药物或金钱而性交易,29.2%在过去一年中有多重性伴侣,59.7%在过去一年性行为中无保险套使用习惯。过去曾主动筛检者的用药种类、对此次戒治是否接受筛检的认知、年龄、受教育年数等基本资料变量皆与未曾主动筛检者有显著差异;认知的艾滋病筛检效用、对筛检资源的了解程度、同伴因素、配偶或性伴侣因素显著高于未曾主动筛检者;未来主动筛检意愿亦明显较高,认知的艾滋病筛检障碍则显著较低。结论针对女性药瘾患者,卫生教育部门应加强其对艾滋病危险行为的认知干预,使其了解何种行为容易感染艾滋病。同时,应极力倡导艾滋病筛检的好处,提高女性药瘾患者对艾滋病筛检效用的认同。

Objective The purpose of this study is to analyze the background of the participants, their HIV risk behaviors, HIV VCT experience and the desier of future VCT. Method There were 118 participants recruited in this study. Univariate analysis of the data regarding participants＇ background, HIV risk behaviors, and voluntary HIV testing experience were performed. Result Only 8% of the participants self-reported that they had taken voluntary HIV testing in their lifetime. 32.2% of the participants had ever engaged in needle sharing with other intravenous drug users, 13.3% had ever traded sex for drug or money, 29.2% had multiple sex partners and 59.7% had no condom using habit in the past one year. The understanding of HIV testing, peer factor, spouse （sexual partner） factor, and the intention to take voluntary HIV testing of participants who had previously taken VCT were significantly different from those had ever taken VCT before. Conclusion According to the result,the author suggested that effective HIV protective strategies for female drug addicts should be toward increasing their recognition of HIV risk behaviors, promoting the benefit of HIV testing, and accelerating the protective information spread among this population.