烟曲霉震颤素B的制备

PreparationofFumitremorginB

为了自行制备烟曲霉震颤素Ｂ（ＦＴＢ），在ＦＴＢ高产菌株筛选的基础上，选用高产菌株烟曲霉Ｃ４１０４和３６５６在５ｋｇ大米培养基中进行产毒培养。培养物用乙酸乙酯提取，无水硫酸钠去除水分，正己烷去脂，硅胶Ｈ柱层析，活性炭脱色，甲醇中重结晶，得到无色细针状晶体约４．０ｇ。两株菌的平均产毒量约为８００ｍｇ／ｋｇ大米。本改良方法的收率约为２０％，远高于文献报道的收率（１．１１％）。经熔点、紫外、红外、元素分析、质谱以及核磁共振氢谱、碳谱等化学分析鉴定，其结果与文献报道一致，确证为含有一个结晶水的ＦＴＢ。根据谱学数据，对自行制备的ＦＴＢ分子结构中的碳、氢归属进行了探讨。

InordertopreparefumitremorginB(FTB),strainsofAspergillusfumigatusC4104and3656wereselected,basedonthescreeningofhigh-FTB-productionstrains,andinoculatedinricemediumoffivekilogramsandincubatedforproducingtoxin.Cultureswereextractedwithethylacetate,dehydratedwithanhydroussodiumsulfate,defattedwithn-hexane,decolorizedwithactivat-edcharcoal,chromatographedinsilicagelHcolumn,recrystalizedbymethanol,andfinaly,fourgramsofcolorlessfine-needleshapedcrystalwereharvested.Twostrainsofthefunguscouldpro-duce800mgoftoxinperkilogramricemediuminaveragewithayieldofapproximately20%,muchhigherthanthatreportedinliteratures(1.11%).Indentificationwithchemicalanalysis,suchasmeltingpoint,ultraviolet,infrared,elementalanalysis,massspectrometry,aswelasanalysesofnuclearmagneticresonancehydrogenspectrumandcarbonspectrum,showedconsistencyofthere-sultswiththoseinliteratures,andconfirmeditcontainedFTBwithonemoleculeofH2O.Contribu-tionofcarbonandhydrogentothemolecularstructureofself-preparedFTBwasexploredinthepa-perbasedonthespectrometricdata.