中医药对各型慢性阻塞性肺疾病大鼠γ-谷氨酰半胱氨酸合酶表达和气道病理改变的影响

Effect of the TCM on γ-GCS Expression of Rats with Several Type of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases and Pathology of Respiratory Tract

[目的]通过观察慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)大鼠γ-谷氨酰半胱氨酸合酶(γ-GCS)水平和气道病理改变的变化,探讨中医药治疗COPD的机制。[方法]采用改良烟熏加气管滴加脂多糖方法复制COPD模型,光镜下观察大鼠小气道病理改变,电镜下观察大鼠气管纤毛的变化,并以免疫组化法检测γ-GCS水平。[结果]各方剂能缓解肺内细支气管、终末细支气管管腔及周围炎细胞浸润及分泌物阻塞;恢复纤毛粘连、倒伏、脱落,从而改善气道高反应性和气道重塑;与正常对照组相比,各造模组γ-GCS在支气管和肺泡上皮细胞、平滑肌细胞以及炎细胞等都为高表达(P<0.01),经过治疗后,阳性表达率有明显降低,其差异具显著性(P<0.05)。[结论]通过辨证论治各中药方剂能纠正COPD大鼠的氧化抗氧化失衡,减少炎性反应,对于COPD气道的修复和炎症具有缓解作用,从而有效治疗各型COPD。

[Objective] To explore the therapeutic mechanism of TCM in treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD） through observing the level of glutamylcysteine synthetase（γ-GCS） and the pathologic changes of the airway tract in COPD rats. [Methods] COPD in rats was induced by modified fumigation and lipopolysaccharicle （LPS） dropping into trachea. The pathologic changes of the small airway tract in rats were observed microscopically and the changes of tracheal cilium of the the COPD rats electron microscopically. The γ-GCS expression level was determined immunohistochemistry. [Results] Each prescription could alleviate the infiltration of the inflammation cells and the block of secretion in bronchioles of lung and the terminal bronchiole tube cavity. It could also restore the cilium from adhesion, lodging and shedding, thus improve the high reactivity and remodeling of the airway tract. Compared with the normal group, a high expression of γ-GCS was found in bronchus, alveolus epithelium, smooth muscles cells and inflammatory cells in each model group（P〈0.01） Obvious convalescence was found after treatment（P〈0.05）. It was indicated that the jadescreen powder could repair the COPD airway and alleviate the inflammation. [Conclusions] The traditional Chinese medicine can rectify the disbalance of oxidation and anti-oxidation in COPD rats, alleviate the inflammatory reaction and can repair the COPD airway and can treat each types of COPD efficiently.