高中生学习策略调查研究

An Investigation of the Learning Strategy of High School Students

用自编量表调查了一所重点高中和一所普通高中2658名学生的学习策略状况。因素分析结果显示:高中生学习策略可用一个三层次结构的图式表征,最概括的顶层为主导性和辅助性两大策略群;中间层次为学习态度调整、学习行为管理、学习方法运用、学习环境适应、课外活动调控等五大策略亚群;基层次为良好的学习心态,积极合理规划学习生活,预习和复习总结,营造学习的人际环境,劳逸结合、丰富课余生活等19项策略子群。重点高中学生、成绩好的学生、年级高的学生,在主导性策略方面存在优势,主要体现在学习态度调整和学习方法运用这2个策略亚群上。在学习策略的性别差异上,男生更善于营造学习的人际环境、运用学习行为管理方面的策略,而女生则更注重学习方法运用的策略。

An investigation of learning strategy was carried out in a key high school and an ordinary high school. 2658 students participated in this study. The results showed that the structure of learning strategies of high school students could be represented as a three-level model. On the top of the model were 2 strategies groups, labeled primary strategies and support strategies. At the middle level of the model were 5 strategies sub-groups, labeled respectively learning attitude adjusting, learning behavior managing, learning method using, learning environment adapting and after-class activities regulating. And at the lowest were 19 strategy sub-groups, labeled good mental state keeping, active and reasonable learning behavior planning, pre-learning, post-learning, etc. The students, either from key high schools or with higher academic achievements or in senior grades, had advantages in using primary strategies, especially in the use of learning attitude adjusting and learning method using strategies. In terms of gender difference, the males had advantages in making good humanistic learning atmosphere and learning behavior managing strategies, while the females had advantages in learning method using.