成本竞争抑或附加值竞争?——比较优势理论的新发展

Cost or Added-Valued Principle——the Development of Comparative Advantage Theory

现有的比较优势理论是成本原则,即机会(生产)成本越低,比较优势越大。但是从目前我国的外贸状况来看,比较优势理论需要发展成为一种附加值原则,即生产的相对附加值越大,比较优势越大。以比较优势附加值原则作为外贸出口的理论指导,可以解决我国成本优势逐渐丧失带来的外贸增长困境以及减少贸易摩擦等相关问题。

The prevailing comparative advantage theories are based on the cost principal, i.e. those who produce with the lower opportunity costs can obtain comparative advantage. According to the status quo of China＇s foreign trade, the comparative theory needs to develop into added-value principle, which means those who can obtain higher added value through production are said to have comparative advantage. Serving as the guide to the foreign trade in China, the newly comparative advantages theories can thus help to solve the current problems such as the gradual loss of China＇ s cost advantages and the ensuing restraint on China＇ s foreign trade and frequent trade frictions.