陕西省主要城市生态活度位评价与差异分析

Assessment and Analysis on Ecological Niche Amenity of the Main Cities in Shaanxi Province

文章选择黄土高原地区，颇具生态地理意义的陕西省为研究对象，在借鉴杨志峰等将生态活度位理论从自然生态系统推演到社会经济生态系统这一思想基础上，结合研究区域特点，采用层次分析法，构建生态活度位评价指标体系；消除原始数据量纲的影响，拟定标准化原则，对陕西省省辖各地市的总生态活度位及其属性进行分析评价；在SPSS统计软件环境中，以各区域总生态活度位为分类实体，进行模糊动态聚类，提出市域生态活度位的三种发展模式。评价结果表明：宝鸡、咸阳、汉中的总生态活度位为优越型，其综合值界于0．774～0．847之间；西安、安康、商洛、延安的总生态活度位为过渡型，其综合值界于0．497～0．706；铜川、榆林、渭南的总生态活度位为贫乏型，其综合值界于0．295～0．427。

In this paper, Shaanxi province as one of the most typical ecological region in loess plateau was chosen to study. Enlightened by scholars＂ opinions on extending the ecological niche theory from natural ecosystem to social-economical ecosystem, and combined with the regional characters, the authors established the indices system of ecological niche amenity by using the method of AHP. Additionally, the normalization principles were confirmed in order to avoid the influence of the index units, and the values of ecological niche amenity of the main cities in Shaanxi province were further analyzed. Finally, the method of hierarchical cluster analysis was adopted to determine the classification of ecological niche amenity, and three development models were put forward. The results indicated that ecological niche amenity of Baoii,Xianyang, Hanzhong belonged to the superiority type, and the synthetic value was between 0. 774 and 0. 847; ecological niche amenity of Xi＇an, Ankang, Shangluo,Yan＇an belonged to the transition type, and the synthetic value was between 0. 497 and 0. 706 ; ecological niche amenity of Tongchan ,Yulin,Weinan belonged to the inferiority type, and the synthetic value was between 0. 295 and 0. 427.