重性精神病患者一级亲属的心理状况分析

Psychologic status of first-degree relatives of the patients with psychosis

目的了解重性精神病患者亲属的心理状况及影响因素,并建议相应改善措施。方法对253例重性精神病患者一级亲属照料者和253例相匹配的对照采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)及抑郁自评量表(SDS)、亲属应激量表(RSS)进行测评,比较SAS、SDS粗分,RSS总分及因子分。结果重性精神病患者亲属SAS、SDS、RSS评分及RSS各因子分[SAS(37.9±6.21)分,SDS(39.3±7.09)分,RSS(13.4±3.79)分,个人压力因子分(4.1±1.81)分,生活被干扰(6.0±2.2)分,负性情绪(3.3±1.29)分]明显高于对照组[相对应的分值分别是(32.5±5.62)分,(33.3±5.89)分,(3.7±2.43)分,(1.3±0.95)分,(1.7±1.21)分,(0.7±0.74)分],男女之间、文化程度不同的亲属组之间差别不明显,与患者的关系不同,不同年龄,不同病人来源及病程不同或发病次数不同的组别之间比较均差异存在显著性。结论重性精神患者亲属存在不同程度的心理问题,并受多种因素的影响。

Objective To evaluate the psychologic status of the relatives who care for patients with psychosis and its influenced factors ,and propound improving methods. Methods 253 first-degree relatives who are caregives and 253 matched controls were evaluated by using self-rating anxiety scale （SAS）, self-rating depressive scale（ SDS）, relative stress scale（RSS）. Compared the coarse scale of SAS,SDS, the total scale of RSS and the agent scale of RSS. Results The coarse scale of SAS （ 37.9 ± 6.21 ）, SDS （ 39.3 ± 7.09）, the total scale of RSS （ 13.4 ± 3.79 ） and the agent scale of RSS（ personal pressure ： 4.1 ± 1.81 ; life intervention ：6.0 ± 2.2; negativity mood：3.3 ± 1.29） in relatives＇ group are significantly higher than those in control group. There is no difference because of different sex and educational level, but significant difference exists because of different age, relative with patients, origins patients come from, course or frequency of diseases. Conclusion The relatives of the patients with psychiatric disorder have distress in different degree. The distress is related to the age, the relative with patients, the origin patients come from and the course or frequency of disease. Its difference is regardless of sex and educational level. Measures should be adopted actively to improve their endurance and their psychologic status.