情绪与问题指向应对方式的关系研究

The relation between emotional and problem focused coping

目的探讨情绪指向的应对方式与问题指向应对方式间的相互关系,为应对方式的工具论提供证据。方法对243名大学生用情绪应对量表、特质应对量表、以及应付方式问卷中的问题应对分量表进行测量。结果(1)情绪加工与问题解决因子(r=0.593)、求助(r=0.193),情绪表达与求助因子(r=0.667)、问题解决因子(0.196)显著相关;(2)积极应对与情绪加工因子能预测问题解决因子(R2=0.504);消极应对与情绪表达能预测求助因子(R2=0.466);(3)消极应对与情绪加工因子能解释男性的问题解决因子(R2=0.344);消极应对与情绪表达能预测男性的求助因子(R2=35.2);(4)积极应对与情绪加工能解释女性问题解决因子58.7%的变异;情绪表达能解释女性求助因子50%的变异。结论应对方式是工具性的;性别是问题指向与情绪指向应对方式间相互作用的重要中介。

Objective To explore the relation between emotion-focused （EC） and problem-focused （PC） coping strategy, and put evidences for the tools-theory of copying strategy. Methods 243 college students were measured by Emotional Approach coping Scales, TCSQ, and Problem-Solving and Search-help Scale in coping Questionnaire by XiaoJiHua. Results （1） Emotion-Processing has significant correlations with Problem-resol- ving（ r = 0. 593 ） and Help-searching （ r = 0. 193 ） ; Emotion-expressing has significant correlations with Help-searching（ r = 0. 667 ） and Problem-resolving（ r = 0. 196 ） ; （ 2 ） PC and Emotional-processing could explain variation of Problem-Solving strategy by 50.4% ; NC and Emotion-expressing could explain variation of Help-searching strategy by 46.6% ; （3） NC and Emotion-processing could explain variation of Problem-solving by 34.45% in man; NC and Emotion-expressing could explain variation of Help-searching by 35.2% in man; （4）PC and Emotion-processing could explain variation of Problem-solving by 58.76% ; Emotion-expressing could explain variation of Help-searching by 50%. Conclusion Coping style is a tool,and gender has important effect on this relation.