儿童攻击性行为与养育方式、家庭环境和自我意识的相关研究

Research on correlations between child aggressive behavior and rearing pattern,family environment and self-concept

目的了解儿童攻击性行为与父母养育方式、家庭环境、自我意识之间的关系。方法采用儿童行为量表、父母养育方式评价量表、家庭环境量表、Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表对181名小学六年级学生(其中男生79名、女生102名)进行测评。结果儿童行为量表中男生的攻击性因子与家庭环境量表的道德宗教观因子、自我意识量表的幸福与满足因子呈显著负相关(r=-0．222,r=-0．224,P＜0．05),与父母养育方式量表母亲的情感温暖与理解因子(M1)、父亲的拒绝否认因子(F5)呈显著正相关(r=O．228,r=0．219,P＜0．05)；女生的攻击性因子与家庭环境量表的亲密度因子、父母养育方式量表的情感温暖与理解因子呈显著负相关(r=0．286,r=-0．212,r=-0．216,P＜0．01或P＜0．05),与父亲的惩罚严厉因子呈显著正相关(r=0．223,P＜0．05)；逐步多元回归分析表明,父母养育方式量表母亲的情感温暖与理解因子、父亲的拒绝否认因子、自我意识量表的幸福与满足因子对男生的攻击性具有预测作用,家庭环境量表的亲密度因子、父母养育方式量表母亲的情感温暖与理解因子对女生的攻击性具有预测作用。结论良好家庭氛围和教养方式及培养积极的自我意识有助于儿童攻击性行为的预防和干预。

Objective To study the relationship between aggressive behavior and rearing pattern, family environment and self-concept. Methods 181 pupils in sixth grade in primary school were assessed by CBCL, EMBU ,FES-CV,Piers-Harris child self-concept scale. Results In male aggression negatively correlated to moralreligions emphasis, happiness satisfaction, positively correlated to warm feeling, understanding, rejection. In female, aggression negatively correlated to cohesion, warm feeling and understanding, positively correlated to punishment. Multiple regression analysis indicate that aggression was predicted by warm feeling, understanding, rejection ,happiness and satisfaction in male; and predicted by cohesion ,warm feeling and understanding in female. Conclusion Appropriate family cohesion and parental rearing pattern, positive self-concept are helpful to prevent the aggressive behavior in children.