水润滑动静压轴承三维压力及温度场分布理论研究

A Theoretical Study on Three-dimensional Pressure Distributions and Temperature Field of Water-lubricated Hydrostatic Journal Bearings

以4腔、毛细节流形式下的深腔动静压轴承为研究对象,采用有限差分数值方法求解了广义雷诺方程,该过程考虑了紊流、粘度和密度随压力及温度变化的影响。研究得到了在水介质润滑下的动静压轴承三维压力分布、温度场分布及动特性系数。结果表明在高速高压水润滑条件下的动静压轴承表现出了与粘度较大的油润滑条件下不同的液腔压力分布、温度分布等特性。水润滑轴承第3和第4个液腔压力较大,第1个液腔主要用来增加其稳定性,而同等条件下的油润滑轴承第2和第3个油腔压力较大,第4个液腔增加其稳定性。相比油润滑轴承,水润滑轴承温升较高,因此对于低粘度介质润滑下的轴承性能研究需要考虑温升影响。

The three-dimensional pressure distributions and temperature field of capillary-compensated,water-lubricated hydrostatic journal bearings with four deep recesses were analyzed. In solving the generalized Reynolds equation in the state of turbulent flow through the finite difference method （ FDM ）, the changes of the lubricant viscosity and density with temperature and pressure pressure distributions were taken into account. The results show that under the high-speed high-pressure conditions, the and temperature field of bearings with water lubrication differ greatly from those with oil lubrication.In case of oil lubrication, the pressure on the second and third recesses are higher than that on the other recesses, and the fourth recess mainly serves to improve the stability of bearing, while in case of water lubrication, the pressure on third and fourth recesses are higher that on the other recesses and the first recess mainly serves to enhance the stability. The temperature increment of bearings with water lubrication is higher than that of bearings with oil lubrication, so the thermal effect should be considered when analyzing the performance of hydrostatic bearings under the lower viscosity fluid as lubrication.