北京市50家综合医院门诊患者抑郁障碍的调查

A cross-sectional study of depressive disorders in outpatients of 50 general hospitals in Beijing

目的了解北京地区综合医院门诊患者抑郁障碍的患病率。方法随机抽取50家各级综合医院为调查现场,由精神科护士用自制抑郁筛选量表调查各科门诊患者2877例,由精神科医师对筛选阳性和10%的筛选阴性者以美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-Ⅳ)为金标准做出诊断。结果(1)符合DSM-Ⅳ重性抑郁发作者为73例,现患病率为2.54%。其中内、外科患者的患病率(分别为3.03%和3.12%)高于其他科(1.58%)；而性别分布的差异无统计学意义。(2)抑郁障碍总的现患率、年患率和终生患病率分别为3.09%、3.65%和6.16%；其中,重性抑郁障碍分别为1.97%、2.53%和4.48%。(3)检出的73例重性抑郁发作患者中,仅10例(14%)因抑郁求助和接受医生提供的服务,并被正确识别。结论北京综合医院非心理科门诊患者抑郁障碍的现患率为3.09%；患者对抑郁问题而求助医生的比例低。

Objective To describe the prevalence of depression among outpatients at general hospitals in Beijing. Methods Fifty general hospitals were randomly seleeted from 508 general hospitals in Beijing as research sites. A self-eompiled depression sereening instrument was administered to 2 877 outpatients in different general departments by psyehiatrie nurses, and the persons sereened as positive and 10% of those sereened negative were re-assessed by psyehiatrists and the diagnoses of depressive disorder were made aeeording the DSM-IV eriteria. Results （ 1 ） Altogether 73 eases （2. 54% of 2 877 ） met the diagnosis eriteria for major depressive episode, with no differenee between sexes. There were higher rates in patients visited in internal medieine （3.03%） and surgery （3.12%） than that in other all departments （1.58%）. （2） The prevalenee of depressive disorder was 3.09%, and one-year prevalenee was 3.65%, lifetime prevalenee was 6. 16%, in whieh the prevalenees of major depressive disorder were 1.97%, 2.53%, and 4. 48%, respeetively. （3） In the 73 eases with major depression episode, only 10 （ 14% ） were recognized by their physicians. Condusions The prevalence of depressive disorders is 3.09% among outpatients visited general hospitals in Beijing, and very few patients with depression are recognisod and treated by general physicians.