石油污染生物修复技术研究

Research Advances on Bioremediation of Crude Oil Pollution

本文概述了影响石油污染物生物降解修复处理的多种因素,对石油污染生物处理技术的发展进行了展望。其中主要影响因素包括:菌种的影响,菌种在不同的环境中和对不同碳链长度的碳氢化合物表现出不同的降解效率;石油物质本身物理化学特性的影响,如石油物质在水体或土壤中的浓度以及石油的粘度、沸点、折射率等特性;生存环境条件的影响,在接种入高效率的降解菌或利用土著微生物进行降解时,降解率受到生存环境中各种条件的影响,如表面活性剂、光照条件、吸附剂的利用、营养盐、共代谢底物、氧气、温度、盐度等。

This article overviews the study of the effect factors of crude oil bioremediation over last several years. The main effect factors include： 1.microbial species, which seem to have different degradation rate under varied circumstances and n-alkanes; 2. physical and chemical properties of crude oil itself, which have an important effect on biodegradation, such as conglutination, boiling point, refractive index, ingredient and concentration of the oil; and 3. culture condition of microorganism, under which the degrading activity of microorganism will be affected by sttrfactant, light condition, sorbent, nutrition, co-metabolite, oxygen, temperature and salinity during the inoculation of selected or indigenous microorganisms.