应用骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)修复关节软骨缺损的实验研究

Experimental study on use of bone morphogenetic protein for repairing defect of articular cartilage

目的探讨关节软骨全层缺损应用骨形态发生蛋白修复的效果。方法于2004年5月至2005年12月,30只新西兰种成年兔随机分为A,B,C三组,每只兔子左膝股骨髁间凹做一大小为4mm×5mm×2.5mm的全层关节软骨缺损。A,B组缺损内分别填充骨形态发生蛋白/纤维蛋白胶(BMP/FG)及FG,C组为空白。术后28周对缺损修复情况行大体形态、组织学和电镜观察。结果BMP/FG组,缺损组织以透明软骨修复,接近正常组织,而FG组和空白组则以纤维组织修复为主。结论BMP/FG能较好的完成关节骨软骨全层缺损的修复,并随着时间的延长修复的软骨越接近正常软骨,但修复软骨缺损的组织与邻近正常软骨组织连接性仍不是十分理想。

Objective To study the effect of the repair of full-thickness defect of articular cartilage by bone morphogenetic protein. Methods From May 2004 to December 2005 ,30 adult New Zealand rabbits were divided into three groups （group A,B,C）. Each group was in 10 rabbits.The full-thickness defects of articular cartilage, 4mm×5mm×2.5mm in size,were made in the left femoral intercondylar concavity for each rabbit.The defects of group A and B were filled with BMP plus FG and FG respectively.The defects of group C were taken for control without any filling material. The healing of the defects was observed by gross,histological and electron microscopic examination at 28 weeks after operation.Results In the group A,defective tissues were repaired by hyaline cartilage and similar to normal tissues. However,in the group B and C,defective tissues were predominantly repaired by fibrous tissues. Conclusion The group A is better than those group B and C for repair full-thickness defects of articular cartilage.With prolongation of time,the repair tissues are more and more similar to normal tissues.But,it is not perfect to connect the repaired tissues with surrounding normal cartilage tissue.