学习困难儿童观看图片的眼动研究

A Research on Eye Movement of Children with Learning Difficulties in the Process of Watching Pictures

本文探讨了学习困难儿童(学困儿童)观看图片过程的认知加工及眼动特性。要求被试观看图片后回答相关问题,并对观看过程中的眼动情况进行记录。结果发现,与学习优秀儿童、学习一般儿童相比,学困儿童提取图片信息的效率低,完成认知任务的质量差;在眼动参数上,学困儿童的注视次数多,眼跳距离小,与其他两组儿童相比差异显著。结果提示,学困儿童认知加工效率低与眼动模式差关系密切。

This article explores the characteristics of cognitive processing and eye movement of children with learning difficulties in the process of their watching pictures. Testees are required to watch pictures and then answer relative questions, and eye movement in the process is recorded at the same time. The results show that children with learning difficulties have lower efficiency of picking up picture information and worse quality of accomplishing cognitive tasks compared with excellent children and average children; there is significant difference between children with learning difficulties and the other two groups of excellent and average children in eye movement index in that children with learning difficulties have more times of fixation and less saccadic distance. The results indicate that there is a correlation between the low efficiency of cognitive processing and poor model of eye movement in children with learning difficulties.