国民政府初期的货币危机与“废两改元”政策

The Currency Crisis and the Policy of Currency Reform in Early Period of the Government of Kuomintang

1933年,随着西方国家相继放弃金本位和美国在国际上的大量购银,长期处于“两”“元”并存局面的中国出现了严重的货币危机。为了应对危机、发展经济和巩固政权,国民政府实施“废两改元”政策,虽然步履维艰,但“废两改元”最终完成了中国币制的统一,确立了银行业在中国金融体系中的主体地位,同时也促进了工商业的极大发展。

Because the western countries discarded the gold standard and the United Nations appreciated silver very much, Chinese economy, in which both the tales of silver and silver dollar were used in a long period of time suffered serious currency crisis in 1933. In order to alleviate the economic plight, the government of Kuomintang had to carry out such reform as ＇ discarding the taels of silver and unifying the currency system by silver dollar＇. Though the reform faced a great deal of difficulties, it unified the currency system of China, established the key role of banking in Chinese financial system, and promoted the development of Chinese business and industry.