秦川肉牛育种目标性状的选择及其经济权重的测算

Selection of objective traits and estimation of economic weights for Qinchuan cattle

通过对目前秦川牛生长发育性能、繁殖性能、饲养管理费用、能量需要及饲料所含能量、各种饲料使用配比情况等数据的分析,确定了秦川肉牛的育种目标性状,并对所确定的目标性状的经济权重进行了测算。结果表明,所确定的育种目标性状为生长发育性状、繁殖性状和胴体性状,其相对经济权重比分别为63%,26%和11%,约为6∶2∶1;9个育种单性状为初生重、周岁重、18月龄体重、育肥期日增重、生长能力、初产年龄、产犊间隔、胴体品质和大理石花纹,其相对经济权重分别为5%,23%,20%,7%,8%,14%,12%,6%和5%。可见,生长发育性状占总经济权重最高,其次为繁殖性状和胴体性状,表明秦川牛在向肉用方向选育的过程中,生长发育性状的选择具有重要意义。

The research analyzes the growth capability, reproduction capability, expenses of feed and management,energy need, feed using and energy-containing of feed, and various feed used for Qinchuan cattle. The breeding characteristics were confirmed and these characteristics economic weight including traits-growth ,reproduction and carcass quality were measured. ＇The ratio of relevant economic importance of the three kinds of traits-growth,reproduction and carcass quality is 63%： 26% ：11%. The ratio of relevant economic importance of the nine objective traits-birth weight ,yearling weight, 18-month weight,fattening daily gain, growth ability, the age of first calving, calving interval, carcass quality and marbling, is respectively 5%,23%,20%,7%,8%,14%,12%,6% and 5%. The results show that growth traits occupy larger economic weight,better than reproductive traits and carcass traits. It is important to select growth traits in the selection process of Qinchuan cattle as beef cattle.