上海市宝山区意外跌落伤危险因素探讨

Study on the risk factors for accidental falls in Baoshan district,Shanghai.

[目的]探讨成年人与未成年人跌落伤害的主要危险因素,提出意外跌落伤害的预防措施,为减少意外跌落伤害的发生提供科学依据。[方法]本次研究采用1∶1病例配对设计模式,利用条件LOG ISTIC分析方法进行危险因素的筛查与危险度的估计。[结果]成人组中注意力不集中者其跌落的危险性是注意力集中者的2.8倍。对家庭生活满意者其跌落的危险性只是对家庭生活不满意者的0.49倍。家庭成员间关系融洽者其跌落的危险性是关系不融洽者的0.4倍。睡眠状况好者其跌落的危险性是睡眠不好者的0.5倍。家庭经济收入较好者其跌落的危险性是家庭经济收入一般者的3倍。未成人组中父母与子女经常谈心的小孩跌落的危险程度仅为很少谈心的0.35倍。讨人喜欢的小孩跌落的危险性是不讨人喜欢的0.08倍。很少与人顶撞的小孩跌落的危险性是喜欢与人顶撞的小孩的0.03倍。[结论]注意力不集中、家庭生活不满意、睡眠不佳、追求高收入等因素是成年人跌倒的主要危险因素,而父母对未成年人不关心,未成年人不良的心理行为则是未成年人意外跌落伤的主要危险因素。

[ Objective] To explore the main risk factors for adult and minor falls, to provide measures to prevent accidental falls with scientific evidence and decrease accidental falls. [ Methods ] The study is conducted to check the risk factors and for risk assessment, using 1 ： 1 paired matching. Data were analyzed by Logistic Regression method. [ Results ] For adults, the risk of poor attention was 2.8 times to these with good attention. The risk of people satisfied with their family was 0.49 times of these unsatisfied , the risk of people with good family relations was 0.4 times of poor family relations, the risk of people with good sleep was 0.5 times to poor sleepg, the risk of people with better family income was 3 times to people with general family income＇s. For adolescent, the risk of concerned child was 0.08 times of these not concerned. The risk of gentle child was 0.03 times of the naughty ehildg. [ Conclusion ] Results showed that poor attention, unsatisfied family life, poor sleep, pursuing high - income are the main risk factors of the adult falls ; and parents neglecting their children , ill mental behavior of minors were main risk factors of the minor falls.