论王阳明的生死哲学及其现代价值

On the Life-and-death Philosophy of Wang Yangming

王阳明的生死态度可用“吾心光明,亦复何言”来体现,它表明王阳明以人生使命的完成为获得临终安宁的根本途径,体现了儒家生命“三不朽”中的“立功”层面;在生死价值上,王阳明认为人的生死只有付诸和践履忠信礼义等道德信念才有价值,体现了儒家生命“三不朽”中的“立德”层面;在生死超越论上,王阳明以“致良知”为“出生死”之道,体现了儒家生命“三不朽”中的“立言”层面。总之,王阳明全面、典型地体现了儒家的生死哲学。挖掘和梳理王阳明的生死哲学既有助于对王阳明和儒学研究的深入,更有助于当今生死哲学的建构。

Wang Yangming＇ s attitude to life - and - death could be fully expressed by his last words ＂My heart has been bright and I have nothing to say＂. On the value of life -and -death,Wang Yangming thought that everyone could obtain the value of life - and - death by practising the morality of loyalty, faith, rite, righteousness, etc. On the transcendence of life - and - death, Wang Yangming saw ＂the extension of innate knowledge＂ as the way of transcending life - and - death, and it embodied the aspect that the great Confucians transcended life - and - death by bringing forward a theory. This research will not only put the research of Wang Yangming and Confucius to a deeper degree,but also help the construction of contemporary thanatology.