转轨时期中国国家资本的历史性变革

A Historical Analysis of State Capital in China (Symposium)

魏明孔认为,中国前近代社会的政府经济职能主要在政府直接经营一定的行业或领域,政府在一定程度上对经济进行宏观调控和政府制定经济政策法规等三个层面。朱荫贵认为,近代中国国家资本企业在中国社会经济结构中占据统治地位的现象是历史发展的必然,对国家资本企业在近代中国社会经济生活中发挥的作用应给予适当地肯定。武力认为,新中国成立之后,由政府来推进工业化,由国营企业贯彻工业化意图,在较短的时间内建立起了独立完整的工业体系,但是也付出了经济运行波动大、结构失衡和资源浪费的严重代价。剧锦文认为,改革开放之后,中国进入向市场经济全面转轨的新时期,国家资本的运行形态日益市场化,国家资本的实现形态更加高级化,国家资本大大提升了控制力;国家资本壮大的同时,国有资产、国家资本正遭遇巨大的流失风险。

Wei Mingkong believes that the governmental economical function in the near-modern Chinese society lies chiefly at that the government directly manage certain trades and fields, and the government, on the certain level, exercises macro-modulation in economy, and works out economical policies and laws and regulations, etc. Zhu Yingui believes that it is a necessity of historical development for the phenomenon that the modern enterprises of state capital in China occupies a governing status in the economical structure of Chinese society, and it should give a proper confirm to that enterprises for their functions. Wu Li believes that , after the founding of the New China, industrialization is promoted by the government, the intentions of industrialization are carried out by the state-owned enterprises, and an independent and complete industrial system is established within a short period. But its cost is that the economical operation in unstable, there is an unbalance in its structure, and the resources are wasting. Ju Jinwen believes that, after the reform and opening, China has entered a new era of an overall transferring to market economy. The phase of operation of state capital is towards the market with each passing day, while the realization of state capital is more advanced, and the controlling power of state capital is greatly enhanced. While the state capital is enlarged, the state assets and state capital is faced with the risk of leaking.