北京市顺义区35～70岁农村居民高血压患病情况及相关危险因素研究

The Cross-sectional Study on the Prevalence of Hypertension and its Related Risk Factors in Rural Chinese Aged 35～70 in Shunyi District,Beijing

目的了解顺义35～70岁农村居民高血压患病现状及相关危险因素的分布情况,为政府制定农村高血压防治策略提供科学依据。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法,抽取年龄在35～70岁的农村居民1364人,研究内容包括饮酒等行为危险因素的问卷调查以及测量身高、体重、血压等。结果农村居民高血压患病率为51.2%,男女性高血压患病率无统计学意义(P>0.05),高血压患病率有随年龄增高而上升的趋势;高血压知晓率、服药率、控制率分别为39.3%,31.9%,4.8%。农村居民超重、肥胖、腹部肥胖、规律锻炼、饮酒、高油膳食、高盐膳食、精神压力所占比例分别为35.6%,20.6%,50.5%,17.5%,28.4%,55.7%,37.5%和74.1%。结论高血压已成为影响35～70岁农村居民身体健康的重要公共卫生问题,其主要的危险因素如超重和肥胖、高油膳食、高盐膳食、缺乏规律体育锻炼、饮酒、精神压力等在顺义农村居民中广泛分布;应建立以政府为领导,多部门和社区广泛参与的高血压防治体系,加强危险行为因素干预工作,以遏制农村高血压流行的快速增长趋势。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension and its related risk factors in rural Chinese aged 35-70 in Shunyi district, and provide scientific evidence to set up the preventive strategy for hypertension. Method 1 364 people aged 35-70 were selected by cluster random sampling, and studied on risk factors by questionnaires, also on medical examination including height, weight, and blood pressure. Results The prevalent rate of hypertension was 51.2%; the rates of awareness, treatment, and under control for hypertension among the screened hypertensives were 39.3%, 31.9% and 4.8%, respectively. The rates of overweight, obesity, abdominal obesity, high plant oil diet, high salt diet, regular physical exercise, alcohol drinking and psychological stress were 35.6%, 20.6%, 50.5%, 17.5%, 28.4%, 55.7%, 37.5% and 74.1%, respectively. Conclusion The hypertension had became an important public health issue for rural Chinese aged 35-70 in Shunyi. The primary risk factors of hypertension extensively existed in these Chinese of Shunyi. We should establish a system of prevention and control for hypertension that government lead multi-departments together to hold back the quick increasing trend of hypertension in shunyi rural area.