铁岭市暴雨强度公式的推求与优化

The Calculation and Optimization of Rainstorm Intensity Formula for The City of Tieling

目的为了保障排水工程设计的合理性,提高工程运行的可靠性,推求出精度较高的城市暴雨强度公式.方法收集铁岭市最近30 a的降雨数据资料,采用年超大值法等4种方法进行雨样取样选取处理,通过指数分布等6种方法的降雨频率分析,优选出误差最小的理论分布并推求出i-t-P表,对其应用遗传算法等15种方法进行暴雨强度公式的推求.结果对所得出的总公式和分公式进行综合优化,优选出误差最小的一个暴雨强度总公式和一组分公式.结论经过优化所推求出的铁岭市暴雨强度公式精度较高,其结果远远小于现行规范所规定的0.05 mm.min-1的绝对误差和5%的相对误差要求,可以作为铁岭市城市排水工程规划和设计的重要依据.

To ensure the rationality of drainage project designing and increase the dependability of project running, we need to calculate the rainstorm intensity, which precision is higher. Apply the latest thirty years rainstorm data of the city of Tieling. Adopt the methods of yearly exceeding maximal value and other three ones to collect samples and process data. Through the exponential distribution and other five analyzing frequency methods, choose the minimal error margin distribution, and then calculate its i - t - P table. Apply genetic algorithm and other fourteen methods to calculate urban rainstorm intensity formula using the i - t -P table. Finally in getting general formulas and separate formulas choose a best general formula and a batch of separate formula restricted by the target to minimal error margin. The rainstorm intensity formula for the City of Tieling which is decided by the optimization has the higher precision. The result is far lower than the absolute error 0.05 mm·min^-1 and opposite error 5 % ordered by the criterion. It could be the important gist of the city drainage project layout and design for the city of Tieling.