木薯叶粉饲喂肉鸭效果及影响其利用因素的研究

A Study of the Feeding Effects of Cassava Leaf Meal on Meat-type Ducks and the Limiting Factors on It's Use

本试验的目的是探讨木薯叶饲喂肉鸭的效果和影响木薯叶利用的因素。将３３０只１０日龄樱桃谷鸭随机分为１０组，每组３３只。１组（对照组）日粮按商业部饲料局提供的内用鸭饲养标准配制，２，３，４组日粮分别使用５％～１０％（前期５％，后期１０％），１０％～２０％和２０％～３０％木薯叶粉，饲料中粗蛋白质水平与１组相同；５，６，７组分别在１组日粮基础上添加氰化钾、单宁及氰化钾加单宁；８，９，１０组分别在４组日粮基础上补加猪油、蛋氨酸及猪油加蛋氨酸。结果表明：随日粮中木薯叶粉含量的增加，饲料中氰化物和单宁含量也增加，鸭增重、饲料能量和粗蛋白质的利用率逐渐降低，但５％～１０％木薯叶粉组与对照组无显著差异；补加猪油和蛋氨酸能显著改善增重、饲料报酬及能量利用率，粗蛋白质利用率也提高。综合试验结果表明，限制木薯叶利用的因素是其能量低，蛋氨酸缺乏及抗营养因子的存在。５％～１０％木薯叶粉组与对照组无论增重、饲料报酬及能量、粗蛋白质利用率均无显著差异。建议肉鸭饲料中前期添加５％，后期添加１０％的木薯叶粉。

The effect and the limiting factors that fed meat-type ducks with cassava leaf meal (CLM) were shown in this experiment. A total of 330, 10-day-old ducks were randomly assigned into 10 experimental groups and there were 33 ducks in each group. The first group received a hasal diet formulated according to the Chinese Feeding Standard for meat-type ducks. The 2nd, 3th and 4th groups were fed with the diet containing 5%～10% (the first phase is 5%, the second phase is 10% ), 10%～20%and 20% ～30% CLM respectively, while there was the same level of CP among these groups. The 5th, 6th and 7th groups were fed the hasal diet with the addition of potassium cyanide, tannin and potassium cyanide plus tannin individually. The 8th, 9th and 10th groups fed with the diet of the 4th group diet supplied lard, methionine and lard plus methionine. The results indicated: when increasing levels of CLM were fed, the levels of cyanide and tannin were also increasing, there were gradually greater depression for growth, metabolic efficiency of GE and CP, while there were no significant differences for the 2nd and lst groups. The supplementation of the high levels of CLM ration with lard or methionine significantly improved growth, feed conversion, metabolic efficiency of GE and CP. In conclusion, the use of high level of CLM in the diet of meat-type ducks is limited by its low energy content, methionine deficiency and the presence of antinutritional factors. It is suggested that, for meat-type ducks' diets, containing 5% CLM in the first phase and 10% CLM in the second phase are used.