社会学法学

On sociological law

社会学法学或者法律社会学具有一部连绵不断的发展历史。从19世纪到20世纪初初具规模,这时社会学法学的理论命题完全来自于欧洲学者;接下来是针对英美普通法环境的社会学法学逐渐开始发展起来,社会学法学不仅开始反思自己的特点,而且还推出若干非常重要的理论命题,如利益,社会工程,以及社会学法学的历史观等;在法律现实主义运动之后,社会学法学开始扩展到整个世界。20世纪70年代之后,社会学法学中出现了非常重要的、具有强烈批判精神的分枝。这些分枝虽然也还使用社会学、以及社会学法学的术语和概念,但是它们突出了对占据主导地位的意识形态和社会制度的批判,开辟了新的认识层面。社会学法学的核心问题是法律与社会之间的相互作用关系,其中包括法律如何影响社会,又包括社会如何作用于法律。社会学法学的一个非常重要的概念就是法律发展,贯穿社会学法学的根本精神是重新认识法律,作为一种世界性的法学思潮,社会学法学在展示了内部一致性的同时也暴露出不同的特色,不仅是研究侧重点的不同,而且还有地方化的区别。

Sociological Law or Legal Sociology has a continuous developing history. It was shaped from the 19th century to the early 20th century .At chat time, the theory of Sociological Law was completely from the European scholars. Then sociological law of British and American Common Law was developed gradually. Sociological Law not only began to think about its own characteristics, but also put forward several very important theory, such as benefit, the social project, the historical view of sociological law, and soon. After the realistic movement of law, sociological law began to expand all over the world. After the 1970＇s, there was a very important and strongly critical branch in sociological law. Though the branches still used the terminology and concepts of sociology and sociological law, they stressed the criticize fthe leading ideology and social system., and stared a new level of understanding. They problem of sociological is the mutual relationship between the law and the society. A very important concept of sociological law is the development of law. The basic spirit throughout sociological law is to understand the law. As a world legal train of thought, sociological law showed the internal unity as well as the difference of research emphasis but also the difference of areas.