生态环境需水的研究进展

Review on Research of Eco-environmental Water Requirement

文章针对生态环境需水的内涵、国内外研究现状、目前主要采用的研究方法及理论基础作了综述,并指出了在生态环境需水研究中存在的诸多问题,如生态环境需水的合理性界定问题、系统整合性问题、重复性问题、时空尺度问题。在此基础上提出了未来生态环境需水研究的几点建议:完善生态环境需水的理论体系;研究森林蒸散耗水的生态机理与不同类型林木的耗水规律,结合遥感和GIS在测量与计算植被生态需水量的应用,提高区域林木需水量的计算精度;生态环境需水研究时间尺度应与水资源的合理配置与生态环境建设一致等。

Studying on the eco-environmental water requirement is a significant question in current studies. Based on abundant literatures, the meaning of eco-environmental water requirement, the present development both domestic and abroad, the recent methods and theories mainly applied, were discussed. Thus, the problems and tendencies of research on eco-environmental water requirements were put forward. Such as, the problems of rational definition and systematic integration and repeatability and spatiotemporal scale. On the basis of it, several suggestions are put forward to research of eco-environmental water requirement ： the theoretical systems of eco-environmental water requirement should be improved; we should study ecological mechanism of forest evapotranspiration and water consumption regularity of different forest tree, and combine remote sensing and GIS to measure and count forest tree ecological water requirements and raise accurate of it ; time scale of research of eco - environmental water requirement should be identical to eco-environmental construction and rational utilization of water resources; scale change should be discussed, especially scale magnification.