国内罗红霉素、克拉霉素、阿奇霉素药物不良反应回顾性分析

Retrospective analysis of adverse drug reactions of roxithromycin,clarithromycin,and azitromycin in China

目的：分析国内文献罗红霉素、克拉霉素、阿奇霉素等大环内酯药物不良反应报告情况,探讨国内应用上述3种药物不良反应的发生规律。方法：1994年～2005年间罗红霉素、克拉霉素、阿奇霉素药物不良反应报告经《中国期刊全文数据库(Web)》检索获得。结果：文献表明罗红霉素、克拉霉素、阿奇霉素药物不良反应均以消化道反应多见；克拉霉素、阿奇霉素静脉滴注可致少数严重药物不良反应,阿奇霉素所致过敏性休克和过敏性休克死亡占药物不良反应总数的0．66%、占用药病例数的0．17%。结论：临床用药不可忽视罗红霉素、克拉霉素、阿奇霉素严重药物不良反应,尤其是B型药物不良反应的存在,应重视用药后的监测。

AIM： To assess the reports on the adverse drug reactions （ADR） of macrolides drugs such as roxithromycin, clarithromycin, and azitromycin, and explore the incidence rule of these ADR in China. METHODS： The incidence rates of ADR were analyzed by reviewing the literatures in Chinese Journal Full Text Database from 1994 to 2005. RESULTS： Digestive tract reaction was the most common incidence for the ADR of roxithromycin, clarithromycin, and azitromycin. A few ADR could be caused by venous infusion of clarithromycin or azitromycin. The incidence of allergic shock and death caused by allergic shock of azitromycin was about 0.66 % of the total ADR, and 0.17 % of the total administrated drug population. CONCLUSION： Serious ADR caused by macrolides drugs as roxithromycin, clarithromycin, and azitromycin, especially type B drugs, should not be neglected clinically and monitoring after medication has to be emphasized.