对人的评价问题的一个追思——对马斯洛需要五层次论的辨析

Reflection on the Problem of the Assessment of People——A Dialectical Analysis of Maslow's Needs Hierarchy Theory

作为马斯洛人格心理学的核心,需要五层次论自提出以来,学界对其就始终褒贬不一。但仍然有不少学者并未对这一理论本身所具有的某些缺陷加以足够的细究,也未对它的适用范围加以论证。本文立足于需要五层次论的基本内容,在肯定它的合理性的基础上,主要剖析了它所存在的不合理性及其原因,并进一步指出了它在对多数正常人的评价问题上的不适用性,以力求达到全面、客观地看待该理论及其适用范围的目的。

As the key point of Maslow＇s personality psychology, the five needs hierarchy theory has always received different judgments from academic circles since being put forward. However, many scholars haven＇ t yet carefully studied some defects that are in the theory itself, and neither have proved its applied scope. Based on the introduction to the basic contents of the hierarchy of needs theory and the affirmation of its rationality, this paper mainly analyses its irrationality and the reasons of the irrationality, and then points out the problem that it is not well applied to the assessment of our common people, in order to benefit us from understanding the theory and its applied scope overally and objectively.