活化剂对常压渣油减压拔出率的影响

Intensifying Distillation Yield of Atmospheric Residue by Blending Different Additives

在马西拉常压渣油和马西拉／卡宾达（质量比3／7）混合油常压渣油添加了具有不同长链和不同极性基团的1～5号活化剂后，用简易蒸馏的方法研究了减压拔出率变化。结果表明：富含芳烃糠醛抽出油对重油的强化作用优于FCC油浆；酚类物质在活化剂中有助活化作用；马西拉常压渣油添加0．12％（质量百分数）的3号活化剂净拔出率为2．05％；混合油常压渣油添加0．009％的5号活化剂，净拔出率达到3．34％。加活化剂后原料油的运动粘度与馏分油净增值有一定的对应关系；添加糠醛抽出油时小于350℃的轻油馏分收率有较明显的增加，5号活化剂使轻蜡油和重蜡油收率有明显增加；加剂前后减压渣油质量发生了改变。并从石油分散体系的胶体形式和稳定性入手探讨了强化蒸馏的机理。

The distillation yield before 500℃ of Maxila atmospheric residue （AR） and Maxila/Cabinda （mass ratio 3/7） blending atmospheric residue are investigated by adding a variety of No. 1-5 additives with long chain and strong functional groups. The results show that the distillation yields are affected by the type of additives and the character of feedstocks, in which 2.05 % net increment of Maxila AR distillation yield obtaines by adding 0.12% No. 3 new type activator, 3. 34% net increment of Maxila/Cabinda （3/7） blending AR distillation yield with content of 0. 009% activator No. 5. When furfural extract oil is added in AR, the yield increases only in the fraction less than 350℃, The increasing yield of light and heavy wax oils can be obtained by adding activator No. 5. The properties of vacuum residua change after adding activator. The changes of kinematic viscosities are contrasted well with data of distillation yields. The mechanism of intensifying distillation is also discussed based on the character of petroleum system.