语言象似性的符号学分析

A Semeiotic Analysis of Linguistic Iconicity

语言符号的象似性强调能指和所指间的可释性、理据性和非任意性。语言象似性大致有三种情况:第一种是单个符号的象似性、理据性(单个符号能指和所指的理据性,主要是语音象似性),第二种是多个符号在组合关系系统中的非任意性(多个语言符号组合受事件发生顺序、认知机制或社会文化的制约),第三种是多个符号在聚合关系系统中的非任意性(聚合体中语言符号标记性所体现的象似性,以及聚合体中语言符号与社会距离的象似性)。

The iconicity of linguistic signs places primary imPortance on the interpretability, motivation ana non-arbitrariness between the signifier and the signified. Iconicity in language can be divided into three categories： the iconicity and motivation of individual signs （the motivation between the signifier and the signified of individual signs, phonetic iconicity in particular）; the non-arbitrariness of multiple signs as in syntagmatic relations （the syntagmatic relations of multiple linguistic signs as constrained by order of events, cognitive mechanism and social-cultural factors）; the non-arbitrariness of multiple signs as in paradigmatic relations （i. e. , iconlcity as reflected in the markedness of linguistic signs and that between linguistic sign and social distance in the paradigm）.