肺移植术后气道吻合口狭窄的研究进展

Progress in Studies of Airway Anastomosis Stenosis after Lung Transplantation

肺移植是治疗终末期肺疾病的惟一有效手段,而气道并发症是手术失败的主要原因和术后常见的并发症。随着对患者的选择、器官保护、外科技术、免疫抑制疗法及术后监护等方面的不断改进,手术成功率有很大提高,但术后发生气道并发症仍较常见,以吻合口狭窄为主要表现形式。充分认识气管狭窄的形成和相应处理方法,将有助于提高患者远期生存率和生活质量。现就肺移植手术后气道吻合口狭窄的原因、预防及治疗的进展进行综述。

Lung transplantation has been the only valid method in treating end-stage lung diseases, airway complications are the main cause to the failure of surgery and common postoperative complications. With the development on patient selection, organ preservation, surgical technique, immunosuppressive therapy and postoperative surveillance, the successful ratio of surgery has become most satisfactory. However, airway complications are still common after lung transplantation. Among these, the airway anastomosis stenosis is more predominant than others. The living quality and long-dated survival rate are highly improved by paying enough attention to the formation,corresponding management for tracheal stenosis. The progress of the cause, prevention and treatment of airway anastomosis stenosis after lung transplantation is reviewed in this article.