面向不同气候条件下低耗能、高效、大进深公共建筑的设计策略类型学

A TYPOLOGY OF DESIGN STRATEGIES FOR LOW-ENERGY, EFFICIENT, DEEP-PLAN PUBLIC BUILDINGS IN VARIOUS CLIMATES

设计规模较大的、可持续性的商业或公共建筑物,大进深的平面布局看起来不太可能是一条路子。本文分析了经过15年发展而来的4种相对不同建筑物类型的环境设计策略,它们都具有一个共同特性:客户都基于对高效的要求而提出大进深平面布局。这些案例分析基于不同的场地:乡村、市郊和市区,以及不同的气候条件下:英国内陆的温带性气候、温暖的南部地中海式气候、伦敦的都市热岛区,以及美国伊利诺斯州芝加哥的难以宜人的大陆性气候。本文试图证明相应的类型学正兴起在这些作品中;并认为这种类型学中所发掘的潜力可以运用到中国多种气候区的可持续性建筑设计中。

The deep plan would seem to be an unlikely route by which to achieve a sizeable, sustainable,commercial or institufional building. This paper presents case studies of four environmental design strategies developed over fifteen years for a variety of building types, all charactefised by their owners＇ efficiency driven requirement for a deep plan. The case studies are situated in a variety of locations; rural, suburban and urban, and in a variety of climates; the temperate climate of the UK Midlands, the warmer Southern Mediterranean, the urban heat island of London, and the harsher continental climate of Chicago, llllnois, USA. The paper argues that a typology of responses is emerging in this work and considers the potential offered in this typology for building sustainably in the various climate zones of China.