河南传统农业作物起源与耕作制度演变

The Crop Origin and Farming System of Traditional Agriculture in Henan Province

河南传统农业有着悠久的历史和丰富的内涵。河南传统农业作物种植历史悠久,其耕作制度以精耕细作为主要特征,以多熟种植和间、混、套作为主要方式。从野生植物驯化为粮食作物到农作物育种;从传统农具的发明创造到精耕细作这种北方旱地典型耕作制度的建立和演变,河南传统农业长盛不衰,许多方面都处于当时全国乃至世界领先地位。河南传统农业作物起源以及耕作制度的演变过程,为当今保护性耕作技术的发展和农业资源环境高效利用,为新时期粮食安全和农业现代化建设提供了有益思考。

The traditional cropping system and soil management in Henan have a long history with abundance contents. It takes intensive cultivation as its main character and applies for multiple cropping including main patterns such as intereropping, mixed cropping and relay cropping. From wilding domestication to crop breeding, and the invention of traditional dead stock to intensive cultivation, Henan agriculture was always keeping an advanced status in China and all over the world in many fields. The evolving process of crop origin and farming system of traditional agriculture in Henan, afford some availability considers to development of conservation farming, using effect of agriculture resources, food security and agriculture modernization building in new period.