干旱区城市化与生态环境交互耦合的规律性及其验证

The coupling law and its validation of the interaction between urbanization and eco-environment in arid area

在分析干旱区城市化与生态环境交互耦合关系的基础上,系统阐述了城市化与生态环境之间的交互耦合函数、耦合轨迹、耦合类型和耦合阶段,并以河西走廊为例,对干旱区城市化与生态环境交互耦合的规律进行了验证。在干旱区城市化与生态环境之间,既有相互胁迫的过程,也有相互促进的环节,它们之间是一种在交互胁迫中相互促进的动态耦合关系;这种耦合关系在其演化周期内呈现出双指数函数的变化规律,其耦合演化轨迹是一条双指数曲线;在城市化与生态环境的交互耦合过程中,可能会出现低级协调型、生态主导型、同步协调型、城市化滞后型、逐步磨合型、城市化超前型、生态脆弱型、低级磨合型和不可持续型等九种基本耦合类型,并经历低水平协调、拮抗、磨合、好转和高水平协调等5个耦合阶段。河西走廊各城市城市化与生态环境交互耦合的演进过程符合双指数函数的变化规律,其耦合轨迹均呈现出双指数曲线的变化形式;嘉峪关市属于逐步磨合型,目前处于好转阶段;金昌市属于城市化超前型,处于磨合阶段;酒泉市属于生态主导型,处于拮抗阶段;张掖市属于同步协调型,处于拮抗阶段;武威市属于生态脆弱型,处于拮抗阶段;玉门市属于低级磨合型,处于好转阶段;敦煌市属于生态脆弱型,处于拮抗阶段;河西走廊属于生态脆弱型,处于拮抗阶段。

This paper analyzed the interaction between urbanization and eco-environment in arid area, and then deduced the coupling function and coupling curve between urbanization and eco-environment in add area systematically. On the base of the coupling function and curve, we analyzed the coupling types and the coupling stages theoretically. Finally, we validated the coupling function, curve, types and stages between urbanization and eco-environment in arid area with an example of Hexi Corridor. Studies showed that the dynamic coupling relation between urbanization and eco-environment is mutual promotion while inter-coercing course. This kind of coupling relation takes on a double-exponential function changing law, and the evolutive track of the interaction between urbanization and eco-environment is a double-exponential curve. During the interactive coupling course between urbanization and eco-environment, nine basic coupling types may be existed, that is rudimentary coordinating type, ecological dominated type, synchro coordinating type, urbanization lagging type, stepwise break-in type, urbanization exorbitant type, fragile ecological type, rudimentary break-in type and unsustainable type. The coupling system of urbanization and eco-environment in arid area will go through five basic coupling stages, namely rudimentary coordinating stage, antagonistic stage, break-in stage, ameliorative stage and high-grade coordinating stage. The interactive coupling course between urbanization and eco-environment of the cities in Hexi Corridor accorded with the double-exponential changing law, and the coupling tracks of the cities taken on a shape of double-exponential curve. Jiayuguan city belongs to stepwise break-in type, and is at its ameliorative stage; Jinchang city belongs to urbanization exorbitant type, and is at its break-in stage; Jiuquan city belongs to ecological dominated type, and is at its antagonistic stage; Zhangye city belongs to synchro coordinating type, and is at its antagonistic stage ; Wuwei city belongs to fragile ecological type, and is at its fragile ecological type ; Yumen city belongs to rudimentary break-in type, and is at its ameliorative stage; Dunhuang city belongs to fragile ecological type, and is at its antagonistic stage; Hexi Corridor belongs to fragile ecological type, and is at its antagonistic stage.