两种不同基体木塑复合材料的制备及性能研究

Preparation and Properties of Wood/Plastics Composites with Two Different Plastics Matrixes

以稻糠代替木粉,分别制备了高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)基体和聚甲醛(POM)基体木塑复合材料。结果表明稻糠含量小于50%时,这两种木塑复合材料均具有良好的加工流动性;稻糠含量从0增加到50%,拉伸强度和冲击强度下降,热变形温度提高;稻糠含量40%时,木塑复合材料韧性相对于单纯树脂下降最小;稻糠含量在40%时,耐热性能改善效果最为明显。综合各因素对木塑复合材料性能的影响,稻糠填充量选在40%较合适。POM基体木塑复合材料在拉伸性能、弯曲性能和耐热性能方面优于HDPE基体木塑复合材料,但在无缺口冲击性能方面HDPE基体木塑复合材料优于POM基体木塑复合材料。

Using rice chaff as a substitute for wood flour,wood/plastics composites with HDPE and POM as matrixes respectively were prepared. The results showed both of the two kinds of composites had good processing flowability when rice chaff content was less than 50%. When rice chaff concentration was from 0 to 50% ,the tensile strength and impact strength decreased while the heat distortion temperature went up. The toughness of wood/plastics composites decreased the lowest compared with that of pure resin and the composites had the most obvious improvement on heat resistance at 40% content of rice chaff. It was suitable to have rice chaff content at 40% based on various effects on the properties of the composites. The composite with POM matrix was superior to the composite with HDPE matrix in tensile, bending and heat resistance properties,while the composite with HDPE matrix was better than the composite with POM matrix in impact strength.