低丘红壤区小流域土壤肥力性质空间分布特征

Spatial Distribution and Evaluation of Soil Fertility in a Small Catchment in Southern Hilly Region of China

利用GIS软件的空间分析功能,以土地利用类型区为分析单元,分析评价了亚热带典型小流域土壤肥力性质的空间和剖面分布特征。研究结果表明:小流域土壤酸化明显,旱地酸度高于水田;土壤保肥力处于中等水平以上;42.6%的土壤表层有机质处于中度缺乏状态;94.3%的表层土壤全P和97.3%的土壤全K处于中度缺乏状态。不同土地利用方式下土壤性质分异明显,综合评价结果表明水田肥力高于旱地。

With the aid of the spatial analyst module of the GIS software, spatial distribution of soil fertility was evaluated and mapped based on land use types in the case catchment, Sunjia catchment, in low hilly area of subtropical China. Results suggested that soil acidification was more obvious in dry lands than in paddy fields. On average soil nutrient retentivity of the fields was above the medium level. About 42.6% of the surface soil in the catchment was moderately deficient in organic matter. It was worse in upland fields than in paddy fields. 94.3% of the surface soil was moderately deficient in total phosphorus and 97.3% of the surface soil was moderately deficient in total potassium. The distinct differences in soil properties were results of different land uses. For example, incorporation of crop stalks into paddy field, planting of green manure. Results of the overall evaluation indicated that soil fertility was higher in paddy fields than in uplands.