适应性建筑环境:切换于真实与数字化之间

ADAPTIVE ARCHITECTURAL ENVIRONMENTS: SHIFTING THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN REAL AND DIGITAL

近几十年来,建筑设计促进了计算机领域的发展。同时,就计算机科学而言,建筑和建筑设计已被证明成为极具挑战性的领域。部分原因可归咎于对于没有接受过建筑教育或培训的计算机工作人员而言,想要理解设计究竟是如何产生的的确非常困难。而这种状况并非由于建筑师本身试图过于理性地描画设计过程或将设计笼罩在一种艺术的神秘感中而有所改善。现今,计算机在建筑实践中的中心地位已日益确立巩固,在一栋建筑中所置入的计算机的数量也在飞速增长。本文通过描述一系列新近的研究项目,回顾了计算机与建筑之间的关系,并探讨了位于电子化和真实世界之间的界线,并将其作为来源于空间句法研究的文中所述研究课题的建筑理论基础。研究描述了作为设计媒介的计算机角色的变迁,潜藏在我们设计的建筑中的计算处理,以及建筑研究正开始做出的更为广泛的理论上的贡献,即对于人类认知本质和人工智能的两方面的理解。文章于结语处总结到,建筑学和当代围绕计算科学的理论发展之间的关系来自于一种双方共同的需要,以作为人类延展思维的认识论上的思考的基础。

Architectural design has provided a stimulus for developments in computing for decades. At the same time, architecture and architectural design have proved to be highly challenging areas of application for computer science. This may be partly to do with the difficulty experienced by those without an architectural training in trying to understand exactly what design entalls. This is hardly helped by the descriptions that architects themselves give of this activity which tend either to paint it as more rational than It Is, or to surround it with an artistic mystique. However, computers are now firmly placed at the centre of architectural practice, and the number of computers embedded in buildings themseives is increasing rapidly. This paper reviews the relationship between computing and architecture by describing a series Of recent and current research projects In which the boundary between the digital and real world Is explored taking as their basis architectural theories derived from space syntax research. It describes the changing role of computing as a design medium, the embedding of computing in the buildings we design, and the broader theoretical contribution that architectural research Is beginning to make to our understanding of the nature of human cognition and so to the field of artificial Intelligence. It concludes that the relationship between the discipline of architecture and contemporary developments in the theory surrounding computing result from the need for both to be based on an epistemology of the extended mind