西方古典家具史论(七) 中世纪哥特式家具(下)

Historicism of Western Classical Furniture (Ⅶ) Gothic Furniture of the Middle Ages (Ⅱ)

欧洲的中世纪经历了约十个世纪(6-16世纪)的时间。这期间由于宗教、战争、商贸、古典文化及东方艺术等多方面因素的影响,使得家具呈现出各种形态特点。除前几篇论及拜占庭和仿罗马风格外,中世纪影响最为深远的家具风格就是哥特式。哥特式家具种类不多,造型简单朴实,虽结构牢固但不够精致。它在外形、装饰细节等方面都受到哥特式建筑的影响,造型以垂直线为特色。丰富的织物为其增色不少,同时金属件作为功能件及装饰件开始在家具中应用。本文分别介绍中世纪时期的英国、法国、意大利等国的哥特式家具类型及各自的风格特点。

The Middle Ages of European took about ten centuries. Duo to the influences by religion, wars. wade, classical and oriental artistic cultures, furniture took on difflirent features. Besides the Byzantine and Romanesque styles introduced before, the most influential styles of the Middle Ages is the Gothic. Gothic fumitttre types are Limited, the forms of it are shnple and plain, and the strucuture is firm but not exquisite. The look and details of decoration are influenced by the Gothic architecture. The vertical lines are characteristic of it. Colorful fabrics enrich fiat design and hardware is used as functional and decorative fittings, The Gothic fumiture styles, types and characters of England, France and Italy are separately discussed in the article.