防灾减灾的基础研究及应用研究进展概况

PERSPECTIVE OF THE BASIC AND APPLIED STUDY IN DISASTER PREVENTION AND REDUCTION SYSTEM

人类社会是在对自然灾害的不断斗争中得到发展。近代由于全球人口的迅速增长和城市化程度的提高，自然灾害的损失也在急剧增加。防灾减灾是减轻灾害损失、保障社会可持续发展的系统工程。当前灾害监测技术、灾害的形成和发展规律、灾情评估方法、灾害管理及灾害对社会经济的影响等方面的基础研究及应用研究已有了不小的进展。本文概括地介绍了这些进展。

Natural disasters have caused serious damage on the development of human being,and disaster prevention and reduction is a systematic engineering for reducing economic losses caused by disaster and ensuring the social sustainable development.In this article,some aspects of basic and applied study in disaster science are analysed,such as the disaster monitoring technique,the rule of disaster development and its procedure,disaster evaluation,disaster management as well as its impacts on society and economy,etc.The problems in disaster prevention and reduction and their countermeasures have also been pointed out.